the book also describes the fate of a colony world called Galt that gets genocided and consumed by a hyper-capitalist’s clone army

If this was the explanation given for why “multiples” became taboo, I think they must have replaced that with the explanation that someone used it as a way to have an alibi to get away with smaller scale serial killing.

commodification of human life and disregard for suffering

This definitely comes through as the central theme of the movie, the idea of objectification in its various forms, how it’s internalized or goes unnoticed. And there is a connection to capitalism; the central problems of the movie are caused by sadistic villains who are in charge because they are absurdly rich. But that aspect of it seemed like less of a critique and more of a tropey backdrop and plot device (ie. the loan shark who’s too rich to care about being paid back and just wants a pretense to make snuff films). To me for something to be primarily described as a critique of capitalism, it would have to spend more time actually considering capitalism and how it works, and this movie isn’t really about that imo.